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TuskegeeSyphilisStudy
第十名塔斯克吉梅毒研究
Syphiliswasamajorpublichealthprobleminthes,andintheJuliusRosenwaldFund,acharityorganization,launchedapublichealthcareprojectforblacksintheAmericanruralsouth.Soundsgood,right?Itwas,untiltheGreatDepressionrockedtheU.S.inandtheprojectlostitsfunding.Changesweremadetotheprogram;insteadoftreatinghealthproblemsinunderservedareas,inpoorblackmenlivinginMaconCounty,Alabama,wereinsteadenrolledinaprogramtotreatwhattheyweretoldwastheirbadblood(atermthat,atthetime,wasusedinreferencetoeverythingfromanemiatofatiguetosyphilis).Theyweregivenfreemedicalcare,aswellasfoodandotheramenitiessuchasburialinsurance,forparticipatinginthestudy.Buttheydidntknowitwasallasham.Themeninthestudywerenttoldthattheywererecruitedfortheprogrambecausetheywereactuallysufferingfromthesexuallytransmitteddiseasesyphilis,norweretheytoldtheyweretakingpartinagovernmentexperimentstudyinguntreatedsyphilis,theTuskegeeStudyofUntreatedSyphilisintheNegroMale.Thatsright:untreated.
上世纪20年代,梅毒严重影响公共健康。年,一家名为尤里乌斯的基金会开展了一项针对美国南部农村地区黑人的公共健康管理实验。听起来很美好,是不是?在年美国大萧条来临之前,的确是这样,但是后来项目失去资金后,情况也随之改变。该实验的初衷从为贫困地区的人们提供医疗帮助转变成年在亚拉巴马州梅肯县招募患有“坏血病”(指因疲劳、贫血、梅毒等引起的疾病)的黑人开展梅毒研究。通过给予免费医疗检查、食物和诸如丧葬保险等福利,来鼓励他们参与研究。但是这些受试者不知道这是一个骗局。不知道他们之所以被招募是因为他们感染了梅毒,也不知道他们正在参加一项政府“不治疗梅毒”的研究,即“男性黑人无实际治疗的塔斯克吉梅毒研究”。没错,完全不进行治疗。
Despitethinkingtheywerereceivingmedicalcare,subjectswereneveractuallyproperlytreatedforthedisease.Thiswentonevenafterpenicillinhitthesceneandbecamethego-totreatmentfortheinfectionin,andafterRapidTreatmentCenterswereestablishedin.DespiteconcernsraisedabouttheethicsoftheTuskegeeSyphilisStudyasearlyas,thestudydidntactuallyenduntilafterthemediareportedonthemulti-decadeexperimentandtherewassubsequentpublicoutrage.
尽管这些受试者认为他们正在接受“医疗救助”,但是事实却是他们从未接受过治疗。甚至到年盘尼西林(青霉素)出现并成为梅毒主治药物以及年快速诊疗中心建成后,这一实验仍在继续。其实早在年就有关于“塔斯克吉梅毒实验”违背医学伦理的担忧,但是直到年媒体曝光了这一持续几十年的人体实验,迫于公众愤怒,这一实验才得以停止。
9
TheNaziMedicalExperiments
第九名纳粹医学研究
DuringWWII,theNazisperformedmedicalexperimentsonadultsandchildrenimprisonedintheDachau,Auschwitz,BuchenwaldandSachsenhausenconcentrationcamps.Theaccountsofabuse,mutilation,starvation,andtorturereadslikeagrisly北京中科白癜风爱心公益庆国庆中科白癜风迎专家
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